Renal Angiomyolipoma Embolization

Selective embolization of a renal angiomyolipoma to prevent hemorrhagic rupture or treat active bleeding.

Arterial Endovascular Surgery

Renal Angiomyolipoma Embolization

Synonyms : preventive angiomyolipoma embolization, renal AML embolization

Background and indications

Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign renal tumor that can bleed spontaneously, especially when larger than 4 cm. Embolization is offered for rupture prevention or as emergency treatment for bleeding.

Benefits

Renal function preservation (unlike partial nephrectomy), tumor volume reduction, hemorrhagic recurrence prevention.

Procedure

A catheter is guided via the femoral artery to the renal arteries feeding the tumor. Particles, coils or glue selectively embolize the tumor vessels. The procedure lasts 1-2 hours.

Risks

Post-embolization syndrome (pain, fever), partial renal function loss, infection. Long-term recurrence possible requiring re-embolization.

Recovery and follow-up

1-2 night hospitalization. Follow-up CT or MRI at 3-6 months then annually, especially in tuberous sclerosis complex.

Practical information

Local anesthesia. Hospital stay: 1 to 2 nights.